Wpływ międzypokoleniowych relacji rodzinnych na samoocenę stanu zdrowia Polaków w wieku 50+
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26485/PS/2022/71.2/3Słowa kluczowe:
relacje międzypokoleniowe, samoocena stanu zdrowia, badanie panelowe, osoby starszeAbstrakt
Samoocena stanu zdrowia (SSZ) jest ważnym wyznacznikiem procesu zdrowego starzenia się, jak również relacje międzypokoleniowe są kluczowym determinantem tego procesu. Mniej znane są zależności między wymienionymi aspektami uwzględniające ich zmiany w czasie. Stąd, celem badania była ocena wpływu relacji międzypokoleniowych występujących w rodzinach i zachodzących w nich zmian na samoocenę stanu zdrowia osób w wieku 50 lat i więcej z populacji polskiej. Wyniki obejmują dane od 930 osób starszych, które wzięły udział w badaniu przeprowadzonym w dwóch falach (COURAGE w Europie – 2011; COURAGE-POLFUS – 2015/2016). Wywiady bezpośrednie przeprowadzono w domach respondentów za pomocą ustrukturyzowanego kwestionariusza. SSZ mierzono jednopytaniową skalą. Międzypokoleniowe relacje w rodzinach dokonano w odniesieniu do częstości kontaktów bezpośrednich, siły więzi społecznych oraz postrzeganego wsparcia społecznego. Uwzględniono również występowanie konfliktów. Wyniki pokazały, że w 2011 roku około 31% osób w wieku 50+ wskazywało na raczej słabe relacje z dziećmi lub wnukami, po 4 latach obserwacji wzmocnienie (osłabienie) relacji zaobserwowano u 16% (13%) populacji. Nie zaobserwowano różnic istotnych statystycznie w SSZ między kolejnymi falami badania. Nie stwierdzono istotnych statystycznie różnic w SSZ pomiędzy tymi, u których zaobserwowano osłabienie relacji, ich wzmocnienie lub brak takich zmian. Wyniki modelu cross-lagged pokazały istotne zależności między międzypokoleniowymi relacjami w rodzinie a SSZ tylko na poziomie przekrojowym.
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