Why do we need a Geographic Information System as a tool for crisis management? A research agenda

Abstract

Background: The effects of climate change and rapid urbanisation have created conditions for unprecedented economic turbulence, contributing to heightened volatility in global markets. Thus, we need an effective tool to manage asymmetric shocks. Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with their capacity to integrate diverse datasets, model risk scenarios, and support strategic planning, have emerged not only as instruments for crisis management but also as drivers of comprehensive structural economic change.
Research purpose: The article aims to provide a systematic review of the existing literature on GIS applications in crisis management, with a particular focus on their economic implications. We also intend to develop a research agenda to address the existing gaps in our understanding of the topic.
Methods: We used an in-depth literature review together with formulating research questions in the context of scientific and institutional sources as well as analysing empirical findings to investigate the role of GIS in crisis management.
Conclusions: GIS are shown to be more than merely technical instruments for hazard mapping; in a broader sense, they serve as economic tools for quantifying avoided losses and as catalysts that enhance regional investment attractiveness.