On the Bulgarian-Polish Asymmetry in the Development of the Vocabulary of Proto-Slavic Origin (Based on the Example of Selected Bulgarian Dialectal Words and Their Equivalents in Polish)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26485/RKJ/2025/73/33Keywords:
Bulgarian language, Polish language, lexis, dialectal vocabulary, Proto-Slavic language, asymmetryAbstract
The subject of the study are selected Bulgarian and Polish words of common Proto-Slavic origin, but with asymmetric functioning. Bulgarian units have a regional scope, while their equivalents in Polish belong to the active general vocabulary. The aim of the study is to show the different relations in terms of form and semantics between Bulgarian and Polish words, as well as to draw conclusions regarding the factors that influenced them. The analysis showed that the Bulgarian and Polish lexemes discussed are completely or partially similar in both form and semantics. In most cases, there are formal and semantic differences. In terms of semantics, in a few cases the lexemes of both languages are similar, but in most examples there are semantic differences. In relation to the Proto-Slavic source word, sometimes the Polish and sometimes the Bulgarian language unit remains in a closer semantic relationship. The observed Bulgarian-Polish lexical asymmetry in the development of vocabulary of common Proto-Slavic origin is the result of the interaction of factors of a various nature, including: interlinguistic contacts, the specific nature of the formation of the literary language, internal linguistic processes, etc.
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